Yintoni isikhululo esisisiseko
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iindaba ezinje bezisoloko zivela rhoqo ngaxeshanye:
Abanini beendawo zokuhlala bachasile ukwakhiwa kwezikhululo ezisisiseko kunye nokusika iintambo zokukhanya ngasese, kwaye abaqhubi abakhulu abathathu basebenze kunye ukudiliza zonke izikhululo ezisisiseko epakini.
Nakubahlali abaqhelekileyo, namhlanje, xa i-intanethi ye-intanethi ingene kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi, baya kuba nengqiqo esisiseko: iimpawu zefowuni eziphathwayo zikhutshwa kwizikhululo ezisisiseko.Ngoko sijongeka njani isikhululo esisisiseko?
Inkqubo yesikhululo esisisiseko esipheleleyo yenziwe yi-BBU, i-RRU kunye nenkqubo ye-eriyali yokutya (i-antenna).
Phakathi kwabo, i-BBU (i-Base band Unite, i-baseband processing unit) iyona nto ingundoqo kwisikhululo sesiseko.Ngokuqhelekileyo ibekwe kwigumbi lekhompyutha elifihlakeleyo kwaye alinakubonwa ngabahlali abaqhelekileyo.I-BBU inoxanduva lokucubungula ukubonakaliswa kunye nedatha yenethiwekhi engundoqo kunye nabasebenzisi.Iiprothokholi eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye ne-algorithms kunxibelelwano lweselula zonke ziphunyezwe kwi-BBU.Kunokuthiwa isikhululo esisisiseko yi-BBU.
Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga imbonakalo, i-BBU ifana kakhulu nebhokisi ephambili yekhompyuter yedesktop, kodwa eneneni, i-BBU iyafana nozinikeleyo (kunokuba umncedisi wekhompyuter yenjongo jikelele) umncedisi.Imisebenzi yayo ephambili ifezekiswa ngeentlobo ezimbini.Iibhodi eziphambili zibonwa yibhodi yokulawula ephambili kunye nebhodi ye-baseband.
Umfanekiso ongasentla isakhelo se-BBU.Ingabonwa ngokucacileyo ukuba kukho i-8 drawer-like slots kwi-BBU frame, kwaye ibhodi yokulawula ephambili kunye nebhodi ye-baseband ingafakwa kule mibhobho, kunye nesakhelo se-BBU Iibhodi ezininzi zokulawula eziphambili kunye neebhodi ze-baseband kufuneka zifakwe, ngokukodwa. ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zomthamo wesikhululo esisisiseko esiza kuvulwa.Iibhodi ezininzi zifakwe, ngakumbi umthamo wesikhululo sesiseko, kwaye abasebenzisi abaninzi banokunikezelwa ngexesha elinye.
Ibhodi yolawulo ephambili inoxanduva lokucubungula umqondiso (umqondiso we-RRC) ukusuka kwinethiwekhi engundoqo kunye nefowuni yomsebenzisi, inoxanduva lokudibanisa kunye nokunxibelelana kunye nenethiwekhi engundoqo, kwaye inoxanduva lokufumana ulwazi lwe-GPS lokuvumelanisa kunye nolwazi lokubeka.
I-RRU (iRemote Radio Unit) yayibekwe ekuqaleni kwisakhelo se-BBU.Ngaphambili yayibizwa ngokuba yi-RFU (i-Radio Frequency Unit).Isetyenziselwa ukuguqula isignali ye-baseband ekhutshwe kwibhodi ye-baseband ngokusebenzisa i-fiber optical kwi-frequency band ephethwe ngumqhubi.Isignali ye-frequency ephezulu igqithiselwa kwi-eriyali nge-feeder.Kamva, ngenxa yokuba ilahleko yokuhanjiswa kwe-feeder kwafunyaniswa ukuba inkulu kakhulu, ukuba i-RFU ifakwe kwisakhelo se-BBU kwaye ibekwe kwigumbi lomatshini, kwaye i-eriyali ixhonywe kwinqaba ekude, umgama wokuhanjiswa kwe-feeder ukude kakhulu kunye nelahleko. inkulu kakhulu, ngoko khupha i-RFU.Sebenzisa i-fiber optical (ilahleko yokuhanjiswa kwefiber incinci ngokwentelekiso) ukuxhoma kwinqaba kunye ne-eriyali, ngoko iba yi-RRU, eyiyunithi yerediyo ekude.
Ekugqibeleni, i-eriyali ebonwa ngumntu wonke rhoqo kwizitrato kunye nakwiindawo zedolophu yi-antenna ehambisa ngokwenene isignali engenacingo.Iiyunithi ezizimeleyo ze-transceiver ezizimeleyo ze-LTE okanye i-antenna ye-5G, ngakumbi imilambo yedatha enokuthunyelwa. ngaxeshanye, kwaye isantya esikhulu sothumelo lwedatha.
Kwii-antenna ze-4G, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8 iiyunithi ze-transceiver ezizimeleyo zinokuqondwa, ngoko kukho i-8 interfaces phakathi kwe-RRU kunye ne-antenna.I-8 i-interfaces phantsi kwe-8-channel ye-RRU inokubonwa ngokucacileyo kumfanekiso ongentla, ngelixa umfanekiso ongezantsi ubonisa I-antenna ye-8 ene-8 interfaces.
I-8 interfaces kwi-RRU kufuneka idibaniswe kwi-8 interfaces kwi-antenna ngokusebenzisa i-8 feeders, ngoko ke i-tuft yeengcingo ezimnyama inokubonwa rhoqo kwi-antenna pole.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-01-2021